Endogenous Central Bank Credibility in a Small Forward-Looking Model of the U.S. Economy

نویسنده

  • René Lalonde
چکیده

The linkages between inflation and the economy’s cyclical position are thought to be strongly affected by the credibility of monetary authorities. The author complements existing research by estimating a small forward-looking model of the U.S. economy with endogenous central bank credibility. His work differs from the existing literature in several ways. First, he endogenizes and estimates credibility parameters, allowing inflation expectations to be a mix of backwardand forward-looking agents. Second, his models include both outcomeand action-based credibility. Third, he estimates a non-linear relation between policy credibility and divergences of inflation from target, which is also assumed to change over history. Finally, the author’s non-linear timevarying credibility indexes do not rely on a two-regime definition, but on a continuum of credibility regimes. The author finds strong, stable, and statistically significant outcomeand action-credibility effects that generate important inflation inertia. According to his results, the value of the endogenous credibility indexes has risen steadily across the different monetary policy regimes. JEL classification: E52, C32 Bank classification: Transmission of monetary policy; Econometric and statistical methods; Inflation and prices Résumé Le crédit dont jouissent les autorités monétaires influerait fortement sur la relation entre l’inflation et la position de l’économie dans le cycle. En complément des recherches existantes, l’auteur estime un petit modèle prospectif de l’économie américaine où la crédibilité de la banque centrale est endogène. Son approche se démarque de plusieurs façons de celle de ses prédécesseurs. Tout d’abord, l’auteur endogénéise et estime des paramètres de crédibilité en postulant que les anticipations d’inflation traduisent le fait que certains agents ont un comportement adaptatif et d’autres un comportement prospectif. Deuxièmement, il intègre dans ses modèles deux types de crédibilité : l’une fondée sur les résultats obtenus par les autorités monétaires dans le passé et l’autre sur les effets anticipés de leur action. Troisièmement, il estime une relation non linéaire entre la crédibilité de la politique monétaire et les écarts de l’inflation par rapport à son niveau cible, lequel varie par hypothèse dans le temps. Enfin, l’auteur a recours à des indices de crédibilité non dichotomiques, qui peuvent prendre un continuum de valeurs. Il observe des effets de crédibilité probants, stables et statistiquement significatifs qui induisent une forte inertie de l’inflation. D’après ses résultats, la valeur des indices de crédibilité endogène a augmenté continuellement sous les différents régimes de politique monétaire. Classification JEL : E52, C32 Classification de la Banque : Transmission de la politique monétaire; Méthodes économétriques et statistiques; Inflation et prix

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تاریخ انتشار 2000